Guide for Prevention and Control at Home
- Residence requirements
(1) Residence requirements.
- People under quarantine shall live in well-ventilated single rooms. Their family members shall live in different rooms. If conditions do not allow, they shall stay at least 1 meter away from the quarantined person and sleep in separate beds.
- People under quarantine shall limit their activity space. If possible, they shall use separate kitchens and bathrooms from their family members. If conditions do not allow, the shared space (such as kitchens and bathrooms) should be well ventilated (keep the windows open).
- People under quarantine shall not leave their house without permission and shall turn down all visiting requests.
(2) Material requirements.
Essential items for home quarantine include: thermometers, face masks, trash cans with lids, sealable garbage bags, multi-layer impermeable paper towels to clean sputum, chlorine-based or ethanol-based disinfectants or wet paper towels, cups, water bottles, bedding and other daily necessities.
(3) Caretaker requirements.
It is best that the quarantined person is attended to by one designated family member, and the caretaker shall be in good health and has no chronic diseases.
- Protection requirements
(1) Protection for people under quarantine.
- Wear disposable surgical masks daily. Replace the mask every 4 hours or when the mask is wet.
- Pay attention to cough etiquette and hand hygiene. Cover your mouth and nose with a tissue or your elbow when coughing, spitting, or sneezing. Wash your hands with running water and hand sanitizer immediately after touching respiratory secretions.
- Set a special trash can with plastic bag and a lid. Used paper towels, face masks, gloves, and other wastes shall be placed in the special trash can in the room of the quarantined. The trash can must be emptied daily. Before emptying the trash can, spray or pour on the wastes with a chlorine–based disinfectant (effective chlorine concentration 500mg/L～1000mg/L) until they are soaked, then tighten the plastic bag, mark it as contaminant, and separate it from other domestic waste.
- Designate and separate daily necessities of the quarantined person from that of the family members’, and wash and disinfect separately.
- Notify immediately your healthcare contact should the following symptoms occur: (a) acute respiratory infections symptoms such as fever (armpit body temperature≥37.3℃), cough, etc. (b) breathing difficulties (including chest tightness, labored breathing, and shortness of breath after movement), (c) consciousness-related problems (including drowsiness, speaking nonsense, inability to distinguish between day and night, etc.), (d) diarrhea, (e) other family members show suspicious symptoms of COVID-19 infection, and (f) other suspicious symptoms.
- Other relevant requirements.
(2) Caretaker protection.
- Do not share daily necessities, tableware, etc. with people under quarantine to avoid indirect infection.
- When in the same room with people under quarantine, wear a surgical mask that well fits the face. If the mask gets wet or dirty, replace it immediately and wash hands with running water and hand sanitizer.
- Maintain hand hygiene at all times and avoid direct contact with body secretions, especially sputum and feces of the quarantined person. When disposing of his or her urine, feces and other wastes, wear disposable gloves and wash hands after taking off the gloves.
- Take body temperature every day and follow closely your health status. If symptoms such as fever (body temperature≥37.3℃), cough, shortness of breath and other symptoms of acute respiratory infection occur, please inform your healthcare contact immediately.
- Other relevant requirements.
III.Disinfection requirements
- Preventive disinfection requirements.
1.Wipe the surface of objects being frequently touched such as tables, door handles, phones, switches, kettles, basins and toilets with 75% ethanol or chlorine-based disinfectant (effective chlorine concentration: 250mg/L~500mg/L) at least once a day and then rinse with clean water.
- Mop the floor with chlorine-based disinfectant (effective chlorine concentration: 250mg/L~500mg/L) every day.
- Soak daily fabrics (such as towels, clothing, quilt covers etc.) in chlorine-based disinfectant (effective chlorine concentration: 250mg/L~500mg/L) for 1 hour, or disinfect them with boiling water for 15 minutes.
- Disinfect heat-resistant items, such as utensils and tea sets with boiling water for 15 minutes or soak them in chlorine-based disinfectant (effective chlorine concentration: 250mg/L~500mg/L) for 30 minutes, and then rinse with clean water.
- Immediate disinfection requirements.
- When people under quarantine show symptoms such as vomiting and diarrhea, the contaminants discharged should be disinfected immediately. 2. Vomits, excreta and secretions could be collected in special containers. Mix them with 84 Disinfectant (with effective chlorine content at 5%) at the proportion of 1:5 and wait for 2 hours before pouring the mixture down the sewer.
- When the floor is contaminated by vomits, excreta, secretions or other contaminants, cover the contaminants with dry towel, and then pour the 84 Disinfectant (dilute with water at 1:1) and wait for 30 minutes before dumping the towel with the contaminants. It is suggested to mop or wipe the contaminated surface and its surroundings (within a radius of 2 meters) with 84 Disinfectant (dilute with water at 1:100) twice.
- Open windows for ventilation or use exhaust fans for mechanical ventilation when the disinfection is carried out at any time.
- Wear surgical masks and rubber gloves when disposing of contaminants, then take a shower and change clothes right after the disposal.
居家防控指南
一、居住要求
（一）居住要求。
1.隔离对象需住在通风良好的单人房间，家庭成员应生活在不同房间，如果条件不允许，应至少保持1米距离，分床睡。
2.隔离对象要限制活动空间，有条件者使用单独厨房和卫生间，如果条件不允许，应确保共用的空间（如厨房、卫生间）通风良好（保持窗户持续开放）。
3.隔离对象未经批准，不得擅自外出，并拒绝一切探视。
（二）物品要求。
居家隔离必备物品包括：体温计、口罩、带盖垃圾桶、若干密封垃圾袋、清理痰液等的多层不透水纸巾、含氯或酒精的消毒剂或湿纸巾及水杯、水瓶、被褥等日常用品。
（三）照护要求。
最好固定一位家庭成员照顾，照护者要求身体健康状况良好且没有慢性疾病。
二、防护要求
（一）隔离对象防护。
1.日常佩戴一次性医用外科口罩，4个小时或口罩潮湿后更换。
2.注意咳嗽礼仪和手卫生。咳嗽、吐痰或者打喷嚏时用纸巾遮掩口鼻或采用肘护，在接触呼吸道分泌物后应立即使用流动水和洗手液洗手。
3.设置套有塑料袋并加盖的专用垃圾桶。使用过的纸巾、口罩、手套以及其他废物都应该放置到隔离对象房间的专用垃圾桶，垃圾桶需每天清理，清理前用含氯消毒液（有效氯浓度500mg/L～1000mg/L）喷洒或浇洒垃圾至完全湿润，然后扎紧塑料袋口，并标记为污染物，与其他生活垃圾分类存放。
4.生活用品实行专人专用，单独洗涤消毒处理。
5.出现如下症状时应立即通知健康管理负责人：(1)发热（腋下体温≥37.3℃）、咳嗽等急性呼吸道感染症状，（2）出现呼吸困难（包括活动后加重的胸闷、憋气、气短），（3）出现意识问题（包括嗜睡、说胡话、分不清昼夜等），（4）腹泻，（5）其他家庭成员出现新型冠状病毒感染的可疑症状，（6）其他可疑症状。
6.其他相关要求。
（二）照顾者防护。
1.不与隔离对象共用生活用品、餐具等，避免间接传染。
2.与隔离对象在同一房间时，应该佩戴与面部严密贴合的医用外科口罩，如果口罩变湿或是变脏，应立即更换，并用流动水和洗手液洗手。
3.随时保持手卫生，避免直接接触隔离对象身体分泌物，特别是痰液和粪便，使用一次性手套处理隔离对象的尿便和其他废物，摘掉手套后也需要洗手。
4.每天测量体温观察自身健康状况，若出现发热（体温≥37.3℃）、咳嗽、气促等急性呼吸道感染症状，请及时通知健康管理负责人。
5.其他相关要求。
三、消毒要求
（一）预防性消毒要求。
1.台面、门把手、电话机、开关、热水壶、洗手盆、坐便器等日常可能接触使用的物品表面，每天至少用75%酒精或含氯消毒剂（有效氯浓度250mg/L～500mg/L）擦拭一次，后用清水洗净。
2.地面表面，每天用含氯消毒剂（有效氯浓度250mg/L～500mg/L）进行湿式拖地。
3.日常的织物（如毛巾、衣物、被罩等）用含氯消毒剂（有效氯浓度250mg/L～500mg/L）浸泡1小时，或采用煮沸15分钟消毒。
4.对耐热的物品，如食具、茶具等可煮沸15分钟或用含氯消毒剂（有效氯浓度250mg/L～500mg/L）浸泡30分钟后，用清水漂洗干净。
（二）随时消毒要求。
1.隔离对象出现呕吐、腹泻等症状时，排出的污染物需实行随时消毒。
2.呕吐物、排泄物、分泌物可采用专门容器收集，用
84消毒液（有效氯5%）按污物与消毒液为1∶5的比例混合作用2小时后排下水道。
3.如呕吐物、排泄物、分泌物等污染物直接污染地面，
可用干毛巾直接覆盖污染物，用1∶1稀释的84消毒液浇透作用30分钟后包裹去除污染物，再用1∶100稀释的84消毒液擦（拖）布擦（拖）拭被污染表面及其周围（消毒范围为呕吐物周围2米，建议擦拭2遍）。
4.随时消毒时开窗通风或用排风扇等进行机械通风。
5.处理污染物前应戴医用口罩和橡胶手套，处理完毕应及时淋浴，更换衣服。
